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| Research on the Value of Introducing Sublevel Slope Angle Concept in Open-pit Slope Safety Management#br# |
| BU Tianyu, LIAO Guoli, TIAN Zhen, LI Zilong, PANG Wei
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| 1 China Testing & Certification International Group Co., Ltd. , Safety and Environment Protection Institute, Beijing 100024, China； 2 China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Mine Safety Technology Institute, Beijing 100012, China |
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Abstract In order to address the limitations of traditional slope terminology in open-pit mining and to compensate for the insufficiency of relying solely on the final slope angle in interpreting the slope risks during the mining process, this study systematically explores the practical value of introducing the concept of the sublevel slope angle through theoretical analysis and case study. The sublevel slope angle refers to the angle between a hypothetical slope plan formed by the benches at each mining level during the mining process and the horizontal plane. Together with the final slope angle, it constitutes the angles terminology of the non-working slope and exhibits process-related characteristics. Research indicates that this concept can enhance the terminology system in slope engineering, reduce ambiguity, improve communication efficiency, and dynamically reflect the accumulation of risks resulting from non-compliant practices during mining, such as exceeding the designed bench height or improper configuration of safety and cleaning berms. By analyzing a collapse accident case at an open-pit coal mine in Inner Mongolia, it is demonstrated that the introduction of the sublevel slope angle is useful to identify potential slope instability hazards timely and accurately. This concept provides an effective evaluation tool for both internal mining control and external safety supervision, holding significant importance for promoting the standardization and precision of slope safety management in open-pit mining.
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Received: 25 May 2025
Published: 25 January 2026
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