This paper analyzes the sources and characteristics of carbon emissions and the main technical paths of carbon emission reduction in the cement industry. Therefore, breakthrough technologies such as novel and efficient carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage technologies, including oxy-fuel combustion, calcium cycling and post-combustion capture were introduced. The results indicate that the use of oxy-fuel combustion technology has lower overall costs and higher carbon reduction efficiency. Through tackling key core technologies and equipment for oxy-fuel combustion, developing the patented technology of “strong swirly pre-combustion furnace + CO₂-enriched combined calciner”. Based on CPFD simulation, combustion models in O₂/CO₂ and raw meal decomposition models under high CO₂ concentrations were established in depth to direct oxy-fuel coupled flameless combustion technology and thermal simulation pilot tests. The largest cement industrial-grade demonstration line with an annual capture capacity of 200 000 tons of CO₂ in the worldwide has been established. Practical applications show that using oxy-fuel combustion technology can enhance the CO₂ concentration in flue gas to over 80%. Finally, the concentration of CO₂ flue gas can be further increased to more than 99% by pressure swing adsorption and low temperature distillation.

A certain 5 000t/d cement clinker production line with problems such as poor heat exchange efficiency of preheater, high outlet temperature of C1 cyclone outlet, small calciner volume, high NOx emission, low heat recovery efficiency of cooler, and high energy consumption per unit product of clinker. It is a pilot project for carbon peak and carbon reduction technology transformation in the cement industry. The project applies an energy-saving and carbon reducing upgrade plan for the pyro system, and simultaneously optimizes and upgrades the raw material grinding system and cement grinding system. By adopting technological transformation measures such as expanding the volume of calciner, applying low-energy self-denitrification technology, upgrading the 5-stage preheater to 6-stage, expanding the kiln chamber, replacing the tertiary air duct, and apply a grate cooler with intermediate roller crusher and high-efficiency fans. The fuel consumption per unit product of clinker is lower than the national standard level 1 energy efficiency index, saving 3.5×10⁴t of standard coal per year, reducing CO₂ emissions by 7.7×10⁴t, saving 0.3×10⁴t of ammonia water consumption, and NO_X emission concentration <50mg/Nm³, with significant energy-saving and carbon reduction effects.

Low carbon buildings comprehensively focus on energy consumption and CO₂ emissions in life cycle of buildings, which is the mainstream development direction for carbon reduction of building field. This article introduces the development process of low carbon buildings and the concept of low carbon in the life cycle of buildings, based on the analysis of carbon emissions in various stages of the life cycle of cement plant buildings and the characteristics of buildings, it is proposed that the design of low carbon building schemes in cement plants should focus on the carbon emissions in the building materials production and maintenance and operation stages of buildings, starting from the specific characteristics of engineering projects, major low carbon technical measures such as low carbon design, transportation, construction, operation, demolition and recycling should be adopted. Meanwhile, taking the structural design of the raw  meal silo as an example, the methods of determining low carbon building scheme, such as stage carbon emission comparison method, life cycle correlation analysis objective function method and advanced engineering comparison method, are compared and analyzed; Taking the long spiral bored pile technology, pre-stressed steel structure technology, and high strength steel technology as examples, explores their important roles in innovating structural schemes and reducing building carbon emissions in cement plants, providing a reference for achieving low carbon buildings in cement plants.

The 6 000t/d cement clinker production line of a certain cement company has problems such as high electricity consumption and coal consumption, small capacity and low utilization rate of the calciner, high usage of ammonia water, and low heat recovery efficiency of the cooler. All operational indicators have approached the design level. Through the expansion of the calciner, construction of a self-denitrification system, expansion of the inlet area of each level of cyclone, replacement of a new type of spreading box, upgrading the inlet chamber to a low resistance and low dust inlet chamber, speeding up the rotary kiln, adopting the fourth generation cooler, and use high-thrust kiln burner, energy-saving and consumption reducing technological transformation has been carried out. After the technical transformation, the comprehensive energy consumption per unit product of clinker decreased by 4.9 kgce/t.cl，about 12 000 tons of standard coal can be saved annually, 30 000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced, and 4 000 tons of ammonia water can be saved, achieving a comprehensive upgrade of production technology under the "energy consumption dual control".

Ball mill is the key equipment in cement grinding system. Based on the Discrete Element Method and Rocky DEM software, the motion process of grinding medium and material during the operation of ball mill is numerically simulated. The effects of mill rotation speed, material properties of grinding medium, medium filling rate and gradation on the motion of material particles and equipment energy consumption are analyzed. The research shows that under different material characteristics and processing requirements, the mill rotation speed, the optimum filling rate and gradation of grinding medium are different. The use of ceramic balls instead of steel balls can significantly reduce the energy consumption of ball mills. Moreover, the influence of grinding medium gradation on the energy consumption utilization rate of ball mills is greater than that of the material properties of grinding medium, and the influence of restitution coefficient of grinding medium on the energy consumption utilization rate is greater than that of the density of grinding medium. Based on single factor analysis and multi-objective optimization design method, it is possible to not only improve the material and gradation of grinding medium but also achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction of cement grinding systems.

In view of the problems existing in the traditional cooling support roller "roller ring-shaft-bearing cover" processing line, such as wide processing area distribution, long processing cycle and many operators, TCDRI independently developed and designed a flexible digital processing line for cooling support roller device. The production line is mainly composed of CNC horizontal lathe, vertical machining center, quenching machine, industrial robot, etc., which can realize multi-process automatic processing of work piece. The robot can quickly change the fixture according to different kinds of work piece, and the soft floating control function is introduced to realize the elastic movement and follow-up movement of the robot. The frequency of detection and alarm caused by the adhesion of iron filings can be reduced by the combination of water vapor cleaning and iron chip cleaning. The digital integrated control system can realize the real-time acquisition of equipment status and measurement data, and connect with PIMS system. The application practice shows that the flexible processing line greatly improves the production efficiency and product quality of the cooling support roller, reduces the manpower operation demand, and can bring significant economic benefits to the enterprise.

In the combined grinding process of cement production, precise regulation of the stable flow bin weight is crucial for optimizing the pre-grinding process of the roller press and reducing energy consumption in the grinding system. This paper introduces the process flow of the cement combined grinding system and highlights the key role of the stable flow bin in the roller press. Taking the stable flow bin weight as the controlled variable, feeding amount as the controlling variable, and returned powder amount as the disturbance, an active disturbance rejection intelligent control system for the stable flow bin weight is established. Based on the ARMAX model of the stable flow bin weight, an auto disturbance rejection intelligent controller is designed. Experimental simulations demonstrate that the controller can effectively track the setpoint of the stable flow bin weight, with smooth transitions during weight regulation, strong disturbance rejection capability, and no overshoot, showing broad adaptability. This opens up a new path for the precise control of the stable flow bin weight.

In a certain cement company, various industrial information control systems operate independently, resulting in fragmented production management data such as energy consumption indicators, cost analysis, and equipment maintenance. This necessitates multi-system, cross-disciplinary comprehensive analysis, leading to issues such as high workload, time-consuming processes, and low efficiency. By introducing an intelligent energy management system, we constructed an integrated control platform that combines energy management with production management. Using intelligent metering instruments and multiple methods to collect parameters from the cement production process, quality inspection, and energy consumption, the control center utilizes interface machines to integrate real-time energy measurement data collected from various operating control systems for statistical analysis. This achieves an intelligent management process for various types of energy, from procurement and storage, processing and conversion, to transportation and distribution, and ultimately usage, making it "visible, knowable, and controllable". After implementing the intelligent energy management system, the company can save 16,677 tons of standard coal annually, with a comprehensive energy saving rate of 7.2%; it can also increase net profits by 4.52 million yuan, achieving an input-output ratio of 1:2, with significant economic benefits.

In order to explore the cement grinding characteristics of high-energy vibrating mill, the semi-finished cement with a specific surface area of 1 850cm²/g was used as the raw material. The control parameters such as grinding time, mass ratio of cement-to-ball, specification and filling rate of the ball mill on the specific surface area of products and power consumption of vibration were studied. The results show that the high-energy vibrating mill has a good grinding grind ability, the grinding efficiency decreased with the increasing of grinding time, and there is a good linear relationship between the logarithm of cement specific surface area and grinding time. While taking into account the grinding efficiency and production capacity, there is a suitable key parameter intervals existing for both mass ratio of cement-to-ball and  filling rate. The miniaturization of the ball mill size can improve the fine grinding capacity. Under the experimental conditions of 8% mass ratio of cement-to-ball, 80% filling rate with the ?6mm steel ball, the specific surface area of product can reach 3 486cm²/g after grinding for 5min. The grinding power consumption is 17.9kW·h/t.

The collaborative disposal of solid waste in cement kilns has significant advantages such as environmental friendliness, efficient disposal, and reliable technology. However, the high chloride ion content in solid waste leads to severe crust formation in the pre decomposition kiln system, resulting in a reduction in the amount of solid waste disposed of in the kiln. The process of chloride salt circulation and enrichment in the preheater system during the calcination of cement clinker was analyzed, and the effects of the chlorine removal system before and after opening, as well as different solid waste dosages, on the operation of the cement kiln system were compared and studied. The results showed that the operation of the chlorine removal system significantly reduced the circulation of chlorine elements in the kiln system, reduced the phenomenon of crust formation in the pre decomposition kiln system, and increased the amount of solid waste added. In the actual production process, the chlorine content and background concentration of raw materials at different stages, as well as the harmful element composition in solid waste, should be combined to adjust the exhaust rate and opening time of the chlorine removal system in a timely manner, in order to optimize the operating cost and heat loss of the chlorine removal system.

The commonly used dry calcium-based desulfurizers in cement production face issues such as high costs, low desulfurization efficiency, and complex preparation processes. To achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement, this study explores the use of Ca(OH)₂ as a calcium-based desulfurizer substrate, fully simulating industrial flue gas containing SO₂. Experiments were conducted  to investigate the effects of specific surface area of the desulfurizer, as well as the incorporation of active components, catalytic components, and industrial mineral powders on desulfurization performance. A novel dry desulfurizer was developed by doping industrial mineral powder. The results indicate that the newly developed dry desulfurizer, which incorporates 15% amino-based active substances, 5% ilmenite, and 5% barite into Ca(OH)₂, exhibits significant desulfurization efficacy. Industrial application validation has shown that this desulfurizer achieves a desulfurization efficiency of over 90%, with no by-product emissions and low cost, thereby presenting broad market application prospects.

Large-scale cement raw material mines and sand-gravel raw material mines with an annual output of more than 10 million tons have the characteristics of large investment, high operating costs, large mining area, high mining depth, complex mining technical conditions, large changes in ore quality, and high requirements for surrounding environment and supporting conditions. Combined with the design of large-scale mines, it is proposed that the selection of large mines in the early stage should fully evaluate the important technical factors such as mining area and surrounding environment, ore quality, mine reserves reduction, mine geological conditions, mining conditions, and comprehensive utilization of resources. At the same time, it is necessary to carry out reasonable mining by areas，reasonably balance the advanced relationship between mining and stripping, reasonably select the development and transportation system, scientifically determine the parameters of the chute system, rationally allocate mining equipment, make full use of mining pit with waste filling, and rationally design waste dumps, which provide technical measures for large mine construction.

In view of issues of excess capacity and idle equipment in the domestic cement industry, a system solution that restorable dismantling and reusing of equipment is proposed, which emphasize main body and appearance of equipment should not be damaged, mechanical performance should be remained to ensure restoration to the pre-dismantling state. Simplicity of installation, safety and convenience of transportation should be considered too. Dismantled equipment can be reused to extend its service life, reduce the manufacture and purchase of new equipment. For equipment that cannot be reused directly, valuable parts and materials in the equipment can be extracted for reprocessing or remanufacturing. Via restorable dismantling, reusing and remanufacturing, the waste of resources can be minimized and the sustainable use can be achieved.

Laser cladding remanufacturing technology can effectively improve the wear resistance of cement production equipment parts, but the cracking of cladding layer has become a key bottleneck restricting its wide application. This paper analyzes the causes of thermodynamic and dynamics, discusses the factors affecting crack formation and suppression methods, and proposes an optimized laser cladding remanufacturing technology using preheating and slow cooling to suppress cracking. The practice has shown that using laser cladding technology to repair shafts, bushings, and internal components of cement equipment can double improve the service life of the equipment. Taking the maintenance of roller presses or vertical mills as an example, annual repair costs can be reduced by 100~300k RMB, demonstrating significant economic benefits.