This paper systematically analyzes the research progress of typical CCUS technologies worldwide, including oxy-fuel combustion, chilled ammonia absorption, membrane separation, calcium looping technologies, etc. It focuses on the research outcomes of the Qingzhou Zhonglian oxy-fuel combustion coupled carbon capture demonstration project. The Qingzhou Zhonglian demonstration project achieved efficient carbon capture in cement production through full oxy-fuel combustion technology, overcoming key technical challenges such as high-oxygen concentration flame control, CO₂ enrichment concentration, and meal calcining rate under high CO₂ concentration conditions, through innovative methods such as graded oxygen supply and discrete dilution combustion, the energy consumption and cost of carbon capture have been significantly reduced. The research indicates that oxy-fuel combustion technology can increase the CO₂ concentration in flue gas to over 80%, laying a foundation for low-energy physical carbon capture. The successful operation of the Qingzhou Zhonglian demonstration project provides an important example for the industrial application of low-carbon technologies in the cement industry.

With the deepening of national carbon dioxide reduction work, the cement industry, as an important source of carbon dioxide emissions, has received widespread attention. This article introduces the classification of carbon emission sources and methods of carbon dioxide emission measurement in the cement production process. Carbon dioxide emission sources can be divided into direct emission sources and indirect emission sources, meanwhile methods of carbon dioxide emission measurement mainly include carbon dioxide emission calculation methods and carbon emission online monitoring measurement methods. This article provides an overview of the main technologies for carbon dioxide capture in the cement industry at home and abroad, with a focus on the current application status of oxygen enriched/full oxygen combustion technology in the cement industry. At present, the main technological paths for carbon dioxide utilization in the cement industry include concrete carbonation curing, waste slag mineralization utilization, and preparation of new carbon fixing materials. In the future, the cement industry needs to continue to make efforts in reducing carbon dioxide capture costs, optimizing carbon dioxide emission measurement methods, and efficiently utilizing carbon dioxide resources to further promote the achievement of carbon reduction goals in cement production.

Hydrogen energy replacing fossil fuel to calcine cement clinker is an effective way to save energy and reduce carbon emission in cement industry. Based on the theoretical calculation of thermal engineering, the theoretical combustion temperature and gas volume of different fuels such as hydrogen were analyzed, and a small suspension calcining test platform was built to simulate the combustion state of the calciner, and the feasibility of hydrogen energy replacing fossil fuels in calcining cement clinker was analyzed and verified. Results show that hydrogen has no additional theoretical gas volume compared to conventional fuel. Hydrogen-enriched combustion of coal or alternative fuels has a positive effect on reducing CO and NO_X in suspension calcination, thus promoting the utilization of inferior fuel. As a low-carbon fuel, Hydrogen can further play a high activity to solve the technical bottleneck of incomplete combustion and high NO_X background emission of alternative fuel in the calciner. According to the experimental results, for reducing fossil fuel consumption and carbon emission, the industrialization technical route of 20% hydrogen energy coupled with 60% alternative fuel is proposed to calcine cement clinker. Before this route is applied to practical projects, more in-depth pilot study is needed.

Adding a bypass ventilation system is an effective way to solve the problem of cement product quality deterioration caused by the use of solid waste raw materials in cement kilns. However, traditional bypass ventilation systems suffer from the waste of waste heat resources. In order to improve the utilization rate of waste heat resources in cement kilns, process optimization was carried out on the basis of the traditional bypass ventilation waste heat utilization system. By replacing the mixed ambient cold air with mixed BP boiler exhaust, the vast majority of gas waste heat resources were recovered, increasing the power generation capacity of the waste heat power plant. Taking a 5 000t/d cement production line waste heat power generation project as an example, the economic feasibility of two process flows was compared and analyzed. The results show that adopting the optimized bypass ventilation waste heat boiler flue gas circulation system can increase economic benefits by 2.962 7 million yuan annually, reduce exhaust gas emissions by 42 750 Nm³/h, and achieve significant social and economic benefits.

A cement production line adopts a cement grinding double loop flow semi-final grinding system composed of RP170mm-140mm roller press and [?]4.2m×13m ball mill. During operation, there are serious problems such as severe wear on the roller surface of the roller press, poor material extrusion effect, severe system crust formation, unreasonable arrangement of connecting air ducts between the powder selection machines, high resistance of the dust collector, and severe reverse grading of the grinding body in the second bin of the ball mill. The system process has high power consumption. By taking optimization measures such as reducing the initial roll gap of the roller press, strictly controlling the moisture content of raw materials, controlling equipment air leakage, adjusting the internal structure and grading of the grinding material, the system crust was improved, the system resistance was reduced, and the production capacity of the grinding system increased from 200t/h to 230t/h. The electricity consumption of the cement production process decreased from 29kW·h/t to 25~26kW·h/t, and the energy-saving and consumption reducing effect was significant.

This article explicates the connotation of transition finance, compares the difference and connections with green finance, and clarifies the positive role of transition finance in China's pursuit of achieving the "dual carbon" goals and assisting the green and low carbon transformation of traditional high-emitting and high energy-consuming ("two-high") industries. The cement industry is a typical "two-high" traditional industry, supported by transition finance. The Directory of Economic Activities Supported by Transition Finance delineates the strategies and fundamental principles for curtailing carbon emissions in the cement production. In China, the inaugural batch of cement industry transition finance cases have been initiated with the utilization of bank loans. It is foreseeable that, in the forthcoming phase, a more extensive array of financial institutions and financial instruments will partake in this initiative. The cement enterprises should, with their own characteristics, proactively seek transition finance support to catalyze green and low-carbon development, thereby contributing to the realization of the "dual carbon" goals.

This paper introduces the characteristics and development history of near-infrared spectral analysis (NIR) technology. Technical points that need to be noted when applying NIR spectral analysis technology to the quality detection and control of cement raw meal out of the mill are proposed. When the near-infrared spectral analyzer is installed at the airslide where the raw meal exits the mill, the sampler better be an automatic sample-taking and sending type. The sampling point should be as close as possible to the NIR detection point, and the NIR detection site should be kept in a slightly negative pressure state. The NIR analyzer needs to be cooled during operation to ensure that the NIR analysis results are within the allowable error range. The advantages and disadvantages of PGNAA neutron activation analysis technology and NIR analysis technology are compared and analyzed. The results show that NIR analysis technology has more convenient market access, more obvious comprehensive cost advantages, and simpler later-stage maintenance, has certain application prospects.

With the introduction of national energy conservation and emission reduction policies, the improvement of energy efficiency of cement grinding system has become particularly urgent. The conventional cement roller press combined/semi-final grinding process technology has some technical problems, such as incompatibility between materials and systems, mismatch between systems and equipment, and lack of adjustability. In view of this, energy-saving and low-carbon technologies such as online adjustable flexible grinding process based on the coupling concept of "material system equipment" and high-efficiency powder selection equipment with side inlet air with settling chamber have been innovatively developed, and have been successfully applied to many industrial projects. Industrial application practice shows that the cement roller press combined grinding system with "large roller press+small ball mill" can significantly increase the system output, reduce the process power consumption and ensure the performance of cement products under the operation mode of "ultra-low resistance, ultra-low air volume and ultra-high concentration”. Compared with the national first-class energy consumption quota standard, the average power saving per ton of cement is as high as 5.1kW·h, which has reached the international leading level, providing strong support for the cement industry to achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization.

Dry Reforming of Methane (DRM) technology is one of the technologies for CO₂ resource utilization, the application of Ni-based catalyst can reduce the energy of DRM reaction. The research analyzes the reaction mechanism of Ni-based catalysts during the DRM reaction process, as well as the cause of the reasons for the loss of Ni-based catalysts such as carbon, metal activated component sintering, sulfur poisoning, etc. This paper describes the research results of currently improving the catalytic performance of Ni-based catalysts, and provides a research direction for the future development of Ni-based catalysts with high stability, selectivity, activity, and resistance to carbon deposition. And it provides theoretical guidance and research basis for the industrial application of Ni-based catalyst in DRM.