Manual visual inspection and regular inspections with measurement tools by opening the cover to check the roller surface wear of roller press have many issues, such as significant observation errors and delayed discovery of abnormal conditions. To achieve unmanned fine-grained monitoring and management of the surface for roller press and extend the service life, a set of the roller surface wear monitoring system for roller press has been developed. This article introduces in detail the technical principles of the surface wear monitoring system for roller press. The system utilizes laser scanning 3D reconstruction technology to create a 3D digital twin of the roller surface, automatically identifies abnormalities on the surface, has high detection accuracy, and is not easily influenced by the surface texture. It realizes the digital mapping of the roller surface for roller press, a core component of the roller press, for the first time. Application practices have shown that the system can visually detect cone defects in roller surface repairs, identify the condition of roller surface pins and pit defects, and has significant application effects, effectively improving the intelligent level of roller press.