Cement has poor fluidity during the unloading process, so central inverted cone bottom silos are often used in engineering to improve unloading fluidity. However, this type of silo changes the cross-sectional shape within the height range of the inverted cone bottom and is prone to dead material zones. To investigate the variation of lateral pressure on the silo wall of a central inverted cone bottom silo, a plexiglass cement silo model with central inverted cone bottom, with a diameter of 500mm and a height of 1 600mm was designed. Three groups of cement loading and unloading tests were conducted, and three columns of pressure sensors were arranged along the silo wall to obtain the lateral pressure-time curves under full-load static condition and unloading condition. The test results were compared with the calculated values specified in Chinese, American and European codes. The results show that the test values of static lateral pressure along the depth are generally consistent with the uncorrected values of the three codes. The fluidity of cement in the upper part above the inverted cone bottom is weaker than that at the bottom, causing the maximum dynamic lateral pressure at the upper measuring points to appear later. The inverted cone bottom has pressure-reducing and flow-promoting effects: it reduces the static lateral pressure but increases the dynamic lateral pressure. The maximum dynamic lateral pressure at each depth is higher than the corrected values of the three codes. Based on this, a modified formula for lateral pressure under the Chinese code is proposed. Both the maximum static and dynamic lateral pressures occur in the middle-lower part of the vertical wall section.