With the rapid advancement of digital and intelligent construction technologies, high-precision measurement and positioning techniques have become essential for the installation of large-scale cement industrial equipment. Taking the installation of a rotary kiln in a cement production line EPC project as a case study, this paper analyzes the limitations of traditional alignment methods, including their heavy reliance on operator experience, the use of multiple measuring instruments, and deficiencies in positioning accuracy and efficiency. The feasibility and effectiveness of a high-precision total station-based measurement and positioning method are then investigated. The results show that, through the integration of digital surveying instruments and a spatial coordinate system, the proposed method enables precise three-dimensional positioning of cement equipment during installation, significantly reducing installation errors, improving construction efficiency, and optimizing installation procedures. In addition, the method reduces dependence on manual experience and provides strong technical support for the digital and intelligent transformation of heavy cement equipment installation.